Hanoi, Vietnam’s bustling capital, is undergoing a transportation revolution with the development of its metro system.  Especially, on 8 August 2024, the inauguration of the Nhon – Hanoi Station elevated metro line marked a significant milestone in the city’s public transport development. This ambitious project is set to transform the city’s public transport landscape and drive economic growth. In this article, B&Company seeks to explore the current status of Hanoi’s metro lines and analyze the far-reaching benefits of this infrastructure development.

Hanoi’s Metro System: Current Status and Progress

The urban rail system is considered the “backbone” of Hanoi’s transportation infrastructure network. To date, a few urban rail lines are operational, such as Line 2A: Cat Linh – Ha Dong, a 13-km line with 12 stations that has been operational since November 2021 and serves around 35,000 passengers per day[1]. On 8 August 2024, the inauguration of the 8.5-km Nhon – Hanoi Station elevated metro line, designed to European standards and using advanced technology, marked a significant milestone in the city’s public transport development by connecting the western suburbs to the city centre.

Nhon – Hanoi Station Line. Source: チンプー.vn

Other metro lines in the planning or preparation stages include Line 2, section Tran Hung Dao – Thuong Dinh (Line 2.2) at about 6 km fully underground with 6 stations; Line 2, section Nam Thang Long – Noi Bai (Line 2.3) at about 19.65 km with 12 stations and 1 depot, and Line 8, Son Dong – Mai Dich – Duong Xa at about 37 km with 26 stations and 2 depots[2]これらの地下鉄路線の開通により、ハノイは包括的かつ効率的な公共交通ネットワークを構築するという目標に近づくことになるだろう。

地下鉄線の開発によるメリット

都市鉄道はハノイに多くの利益をもたらすと評価されています。 まず、, the introduction of a modern metro system is set to revolutionize public transportation in Hanoi. By providing a reliable, efficient, and comfortable alternative to private vehicles, the metro lines are expected to significantly reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality. For instance, according to a survey by the Hanoi Railway Company in 2024, the effectiveness of the operation of the Cat Linh – Ha Dong urban rail line 2A has demonstrated this, with 60% of passengers abandoning their motorcycles to take the Cat Linh – Ha Dong metro. In addition, as estimated[3]、自家用車による100万回の移動ごとに、地下鉄に移行すれば、道路での交通参加時間が487,000時間削減され、排出量と渋滞の削減に役立ちます。将来、ハノイ都市鉄道網が完成すると、公共旅客輸送機関を利用する人の割合が35〜45%に増加し、交通における自家用車ユーザーの市場シェアが30%に減少すると予想されています。[4].

Cat Linh – Ha Dong line 2A. Source: https://kinhtedothi.vn/du-an-duong-sat-cat-linh-ha-dong-don-luc-de-ve-dich.html

第二に、, 地下鉄路線はハノイの経済成長の触媒として機能し、路線沿いに商業と住宅開発の新たな拠点を創出すると期待されている。この現象は公共交通指向型開発（TOD）として知られている。[5], can significantly boost local economies and property values. Specifically, the National Assembly has passed the amended Capital Law, effective from 1/1/2025, which allows investment in urban rail in Hanoi according to the TOD model. This model is commonly used in the region and developed countries, ensuring modernity, synchronization, and sustainability. It helps reduce the load on the ground transportation system and contributes to environmental protection by cutting emissions from private vehicles. Singapore, for instance, has designed its Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) with TOD principles, clustering mixed-use, transit-oriented communities at hubs to reduce private vehicle use. In addition, Tokyo’s extensive rail network has facilitated compact, walkable neighbourhoods centred on station nodes, accommodating growth while minimizing sprawl.

Thirdly, metro lines might bridge the gap between suburban areas and the city centre, making outlying districts more attractive for residential development. This can help alleviate housing pressures in the urban core and provide more affordable options for residents in Hanoi. This has also been demonstrated in Copenhagen, Denmark. The opening of the metro’s Cityringen in 2019 has already impacted real estate trends. Areas previously considered less desirable due to poor connectivity have seen increased interest from both developers and homebuyers. In some newly connected suburbs, property values have increased by up to 5-10% following the metro expansion.

見通し

Given the considerable benefits of urban rail, the Hanoi People’s Committee has set the goal of completing the entire urban rail network by 2035[6]全長は約397.8キロである。さらに、ハノイは2045年までに約600キロの都市鉄道路線を運行することを目指しており、総投資額は1兆4550億元を超える。[7]ハノイは、この大規模なインフラ開発に加えて、公共旅客輸送のモードシェアの増加にも取り組んでいます。市は、2035年までに公共輸送率を50〜55%にすることを目指しており、2035年以降は65〜75%という野心的な目標を掲げています。[8].

In conclusion, the development of Hanoi’s metro system represents a transformative step for the city’s public transport infrastructure and economic landscape. As the network expands and more lines become operational, Hanoi is poised to join the ranks of global cities where efficient public transport forms the backbone of urban mobility. The metro lines will not only ease the daily commute for millions but also drive economic growth, reshape real estate dynamics, and contribute to a greener, more livable city for generations to come.

参考

[1] https://consosukien.vn/ha-noi-day-manh-phat-trien-duong-sat-do-thi.htm

[2] https://vneconomy.vn/mo-co-che-vuot-troi-ha-noi-khong-de-he-thong-metro-that-hen.htm

[3] https://laodongthudo.vn/phu-kin-duong-sat-do-thi-de-ha-noi-van-minh-hien-dai-174902.html

[4] https://consosukien.vn/ha-noi-day-manh-phat-trien-duong-sat-do-thi.htm

[5] 公共交通機関を中心とした都市開発モデルは、インターチェンジや都市鉄道駅へのアクセス性と利便性を高め、自家用車の使用を最小限に抑え、人々に公共交通機関の利用を促し、持続可能で環境に優しい都市部を創出します。

[6] https://consosukien.vn/ha-noi-day-manh-phat-trien-duong-sat-do-thi.htm

[7] 首都都市鉄道プロジェクト (Đề án Đường sắt đô thị Thủ đô)

[8] https://suckhoedoisong.vn/duong-sat-do-thi-se-giai-duoc-bai-toan-tac-duong-va-o-nhiem-o-ha-noi-169240703083624155.htm