The size of Vietnam’s e-commerce sector in 2018 was estimated at $8.06 billion, up 30% from the previous year, according to a white paper published by the Department of E-Commerce and Digital Economy of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The growth rate has been rising dramatically in the past three years, compared to 23% and 24% respectively in 2016 and 2017 (Nhandan, 2019). White Book stated that nearly 39.9 million Vietnamese consumers purchased consumer products online in 2018, contributing $1.2 million of sales of products.

The complex COVID-19 epidemic has caused a huge impact on people ‘s psychology, and has changed many Vietnamese consumers ‘ purchasing habits. Not only reduce traveling, Vietnamese citizens also avoid eating outside and going to malls or markets. Indeed, according to “An overview of COVID-19 outbreak affecting on Vietnamese social-economy” article of B&Company, 79% said COVID-19 had been affecting negatively to their daily routines. The number of visitors to shopping centers and supermarkets has fallen from 40-50% compared to before.  This results in a 40% decrease of sales at department stores. Even though the Vietnam Government has successfully managed to contain the outbreak domestically by May 2020, there are certain threats from the increasing number of imported cases from overseas passengers arriving in Vietnam. Both the government and businesses are encouraging people to increase online shopping in this sense, restricting the street to reduce the risk of infection. Ho Chi Minh City’s People’s Committee has also constantly broadcast the message “tell people to prioritize online shopping” in recent days. Companies are aggressively growing online shopping promotions to stimulate demand. On this occasion, a series of booming online grocery shopping services entered the market to compete with supermarket chains: 2 biggest ride-hailing platform Grabmart (Grab) and Be đi chợ (Be). Several services such as Chopp.vn, NowFresh (developed from food delivery platform Now.vn) and LoMart (developed by Lozi which is considered as direct competitor of Now.vn) were launced in 2018.

LOTTE Mart supermarket chain reported that the number of orders via the website and Speed L application increased from 150-200% compared to regular days, doubling and tripling the supply of products allocated for the online section. In the same notion, statistics from Saigon Co.op, one of the market leaders in the supermarket business, showed shopping orders via the supermarket’s phone and website rose 10 times compared to weekdays, which caused frequent “network congestion” due to the sudden overloading of online transaction. During the period of only over 19 days from the beginning of March 2020 to 12 March 2020, Big C, another major supermarket chain, received more than 1,000 orders, which are projected to hit about 3,000 orders in March 2020; the growth rate is over 200% compared to that of February 2020 (CafeF, 2020).

Theo khảo sát của B&Company về mua sắm tạp hóa trực tuyến được thực hiện vào tháng 5 năm 2020 với 200 người tiêu dùng, Vinmart, Co.op Mart và Lotte Mart là những kênh mua sắm tạp hóa trực tuyến phổ biến nhất của các siêu thị (lần lượt là 83,8%, 72,5% và 66,%); trong khi Grab Mart là dịch vụ mua sắm trực tuyến được biết đến nhiều nhất (60,8%). 

Kết quả khảo sát BEAN cho thấy người tiêu dùng mua sắm thực phẩm trực tuyến chủ yếu mua thực phẩm & đồ uống và chăm sóc cá nhân, với tỷ lệ cao nhất là 69,6% dành cho các sản phẩm từ sữa. 46% người trả lời chi tiêu dưới 300.000VND/lần mua thực phẩm trực tuyến, chiếm khoảng 37,8% tổng chi tiêu cho thực phẩm. Ước tính của B&Company cho thấy, quy mô thị trường mua sắm thực phẩm trực tuyến năm 2019 tại Việt Nam (thông qua trang web/ứng dụng của siêu thị/dịch vụ giao hàng tạp hóa) chiếm khoảng $3,5 tỷ.

When selecting a website/application for online grocery shopping, consumers are mostly concerned about price and quality of products (73,5% and 70,6% respectively). Characteristics of online grocery shopping service is that when using the application, a series of food trading and shipping addresses, home delivery will display for customers to freely choose the location that best suits them. Each type of food is clearly listed. Food prices on these sites are not much different from the market price, but the quality is guaranteed. Buying and delivery times are also more flexible. Customers can choose the delivery time frame from 7:30 to 19:00. In less than 2 hours, the staff will deliver the pre-prepared items for guests to cook (Baodautu, 2019). Hence, most businesses select fast delivery to compete. Saigon Co.op has planned to coordinate the delivery channel personnel, ensuring home delivery time of 1-2 hours for orders placed by telephone and 24 – 48 hours for purchase orders on the electronic shopping page. On the other hand, GrabMart took advantage of the ecosystem inherent from the main fanpage of the Grab app, the system of partners, the brand influencers to put the GrabMart hashtag on posts, to attract attention and stimulate desire to exchange and discuss, and then try the user’s service. Meanwhile, Now is connecting with a large number of convenient retailers/grocery stores/supermarket chains from affordable to high-end. The biggest advantage is the fast delivery time with acceptable freight: 15,000VND/1.5km. Launched in 2015, Chopp.vn stands out with the advantage of fast delivery, however, in COVID-19 season, the demand from users was high and therefore users responded to the delivery time longer than expected, and Chopp’s delivery fee was quite high compared to the common ground (Brands Vietnam, 2020).

Theo khảo sát trực tuyến trên nền tảng BEAN Survey của B&Company, người tiêu dùng đều hài lòng với hình thức mua sắm thông minh này, tuy nhiên họ ít hài lòng nhất với phí giao hàng (3,7 trên thang điểm từ 1-5); 50% trong số những người được khảo sát quan tâm nhất đến chất lượng sản phẩm tươi sống và 60% đánh giá cao các chương trình khuyến mãi, giảm giá bổ sung cho kênh mua sắm trực tuyến.

83,5% trong số hơn 200 người trả lời BEAN SURVEY PLATFORM cho biết họ sẽ tiếp tục mua hàng tạp hóa trực tuyến trong tương lai và hơn 40% thích mua hàng tạp hóa trực tuyến hơn là ngoại tuyến. Đối với điều này, có thể dự đoán rằng thị phần mua sắm tạp hóa trực tuyến sẽ tăng đều đặn, trong khi các chợ ngoại tuyến truyền thống và các điểm mua sắm khác vẫn sẽ ổn định.

Dương Nguyên

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