SEA e-commerce market size (GMV – Gross Merchandise Value, $B)

资料来源：谷歌-淡马锡 2018 年东南亚电子经济报告

阿里巴巴、京东、腾讯等全球电商巨头均对越南最大的电商平台 Lazada、Tiki、Shopee 进行了大量投资，同时 FPT、Vingroup 等国内主要企业也对其电商网站（如 Sendo、Adayroi）进行了大量投资。

越南5大电商网站访问量（单位：百万）

来源: http://ecommerceiq.asia

The fast-growing of Vietnam e-commerce set high demand for e-logistics development, with expected CAGR at 42% in  2018 – 2022
“Last-mile logistics is the last stretch of a business-to-consumer (B2C) parcel, from the order penetration point (i.e., fulfillment center) to the final consignee’s preferred destination point (e.g., home or cluster/collection point), for the reception of goods” (Lim, Xin, & Srai 2015). Last mile logistics is important for e-commerce business because it interacts directly with end customers.  Investing strategically in last mile logistics has been the pivotal factor for any e-commerce players to surpass the competition. However, e-commerce logistics, especially last-mile delivery companies in Vietnam have still been in early-stage of development; thus haven’t met with online retailers’ requirement for timely, reliable and cost-efficient delivery when dealing with a large number of orders at a time.

因此，越南电子商务的蓬勃发展为物流服务带来了巨大的需求和压力，同时也为有前途的电子物流行业带来了机遇。根据 Ken Research 2018 的数据，2018 年越南电子商务零售物流市场价值为 9000 万欧元（$1.03 亿美元），预计到 2022 年将达到平均每年 42% 的增长。

越南领先的电子商务公司目前如何实施物流来完成订单？ 
一些电商平台会自行开发物流部门，比如 Lazada E-logistic Express 和 Tiki Now，负责仓储、包装和运输。此外，一些电子产品电商网站，比如 Thegioididong、Dienmayxanh、FPT shop 和 Nguyen Kim 也自行开展物流服务，以利用其庞大的门店网络。

然而，几乎所有的在线零售企业都无法在内部实施物流服务，而必须在一定程度上依赖第三方物流（3PL）合作伙伴来提高成本效益。
巨头 Lazada Vietnam 选择使用自己的车队，可处理约 55-60% 的其他货物，同时使用其他 3PL 以确保客户服务、利用促销活动以及优化整体运输成本。其他顶级网站，即 Shopee、Sendo 也主要通过其 3PL 配送合作伙伴提供运输服务。

越南约有50家企业提供电子物流服务。
根据越南工贸部2017年物流报告，越南共有约50家企业提供电子物流服务。
其中，越南邮政、EMS、越南电信等传统邮政服务商纷纷响应市场，为网络零售商提供解决方案，凭借现有的全国邮局网络优势和较强的运营能力，在农村地区发挥着重要作用。

Besides, as the needs for convenient and express delivery is prominent for e-commerce customers, especially in urban areas, there exists huge opportunity for logistics start-ups who can bring in technology solutions to improve quality service and optimize the operating system. In the past few years, many e-commerce focused delivery start-ups have entered the market, some have obtained significant financial support from investors. Outstanding names are Giao Hang Nhanh (GHN); Giao Hang Tiet Kiem (GHTK); NinjaVan, etc. which currently are the delivery partners of the key e-commerce platforms in Vietnam.  The following table is to mention some key active ones.

来源：B&Company

International logistics service provider DHL has recently launched the DHL Parcel Metro Same Day, that offers delivery service with real-time tracking and rescheduling of deliveries through DHL’s fully-customizable digital platform. DHL eCommerce Vietnam has partnered with Sendo platform (with over 300,000 shops) to implement logistics services to its customers.

按需配送，即客户下单后立即或按计划配送，也正在蓬勃发展，以满足对时间敏感的配送需求，尤其是在食品配送领域。这为 Ahamove、LalaMove、Delivery Now、Grab、GoViet 和许多其他小型初创公司等众多参与者打开了舞台，使市场比以往任何时候都更具活力。

Though this is a promising sector, e-commerce logistics providers still have to face many challenges.  One of the biggest is all delivery service providers have to accommodate COD (i.e.cash on delivery) which leads to labour intensive and higher operational cost. Given the higher volume of e-commerce transactions, logistics providers also need to manage a corresponding volume of returned, exchanged and damaged goods. Poor quality addresses, rural areas and failed delivery attempts are also significant challenges for e-commerce logistics.  The other problem is approximately 75% of everyday e-commerce orders taking place within and between the two major metropolitan cities (i.e. Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city) with heavy traffic load. The competition on delivery speed and cost, therefore, will still be the headache for all e-logistics players.

Despite the challenges, the sector will definitely witness rapid growth in the future. Recently,  the Vietnam eCommerce and Digital Economy Agency under the Ministry of Industry and Trade has announced a target of 30 percent of the country’s population participating in online shopping with an average expense of $350 per person per year by 2020.  E-commerce is undeniably one of the fastest growing sectors in Vietnam, and the revolutionary logistics services could boost the market even further.

参考：

1. Report “e-Conomy SEA 2018” – Google and Temasek: https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/intl/en-apac/tools-research/research-studies/e-conomy-sea-2018-southeast-asias-internet-economy-hits-inflection-point/
2. http://www.hanoitimes.vn/economy/trade-service/2019/01/81e0d1c0/demand-for-e-logistics-in-vietnam-projected-to-boom/
3. http://www.hanoitimes.vn/news/2018/02/81E0C19E/bright-prospects-for-e-logistics-development/
4. https://iprice.vn/insights/mapofecommerce/en/
5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317753330_Lazada’s_Last_Mile_Where_No_E-Commerce_Company_in_Vietnam_Had_Gone_Before
6. https://theloadstar.co.uk/vietnam-e-commerce-boom-headache-logistics-players/
7. http://www.future-of-ecommerce.com/
8. http://enternews.vn/bizweb-bat-tay-voi-dhl-ecommerce-nang-tam-tmdt-viet-nam-117244.html
9. https://en.prnasia.com/releases/apac/24808-0.shtml
10. http://cafef.vn/thi-truong-giao-nhan-nhung-cuoc-dua-toc-do-20181014095117515.chn
11. https://news.zing.vn/giao-hang-nhanh-mo-rong-quy-mo-voi-150000-don-hang-moi-ngay-post848474.html
12. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/gross-merchandise-value.html
13. https://www.lazada.vn/
14. https://shopee.vn/
15. https://tiki.vn/
16. https://www.sendo.vn/
17. https://www.thegioididong.com/
18. https://ghn.vn/
19. https://www.ninjavan.co/vn-vn/
20. https://www.logistics.dhl/vn-vi/home.html?locale=true
21. https://giaohangtietkiem.vn/