越南物流业正在成为吸引外国投资者的新兴行业。凭借其战略地理位置、稳定的经济增长率和电子商务的蓬勃发展，越南为该领域的国际企业提供了许多机会。本文将分析日本投资者在越南物流领域的现状、发展趋势、潜力和机会。

Current situation of Vietnam’s logistics industry

Vietnam currently has more than 34,000 enterprises operating in the logistics sector. According to the World Bank (WB) Report, Vietnam’s national logistics capacity index (LPI) in 2023 ranked 43rd out of 139 countries and territories, up 21 places compared to 2016. The growth rate of the logistics industry in Vietnam in recent years has reached about 14-16%, with a scale of about 40-42 billion USD/year, accounting for about 4.5% of GDP[1]然而，物流成本仍然很高，相当于2022年GDP的约17%，尽管低于2018年GDP的21%[2]

Sea transport in Vietnam

来源： 塔普奇泰钦

This increase reflects Vietnam’s efforts to improve transport infrastructure, enhance service quality, and create a favorable environment for logistics enterprises. However, Vietnam’s logistics costs are still quite high compared to developed countries in the world, which poses a challenge to improving the industry’s competitiveness. Regarding types of logistics, Vietnam uses a variety of transport modes such as road, rail, sea, and air. Of which, road transport is the most popular, using trucks, containers, and passenger cars to transport goods by road, suitable for both long-distance and intra-city transport. In addition, services such as warehousing, delivery, and express delivery also play an important role in the logistics supply chain in Vietnam[3]

越南物流吸引外资趋势

In the period of 2013-2023, the trend of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the logistics sector in Vietnam is increasing. The number of foreign investment projects in this sector has increased sharply, especially in the period of 2020-2022 with 203 projects, 1.5 – 2 times higher than in previous periods. Among the 48 countries and territories that have invested in logistics projects in Vietnam since 1991, Japan accounts for 12.5% ​​of the total number of projects, ranking fourth after Korea, Singapore, and Hong Kong. According to the Vietnam Statistical Yearbook, the logistics sector has attracted significant attention from foreign investors. By the end of 2021, there were nearly 35,000 enterprises with a total of more than 563,300 employees working. FDI attraction in the logistics sector increased sharply, with 365 projects in the 2015-2019 period and 203 projects in the 2020-2022 period[4].

目前，外商在物流领域投资重点关注以下几个领域：

– Modern warehouse development: 满足电子商务公司、制造商和外包物流服务提供商日益增长的存储需求[5]

– Cold Chain: 该行业主要出口水果、蔬菜、海鲜和药品等商品，由于对仓储设施和冷藏运输服务的需求不断增长，该行业受到特别关注