越南畜牧业及外商直接投资公司的参与

越南畜牧业及FDI企业的参与

182 月2025

B&Company

B&Company自2008年以来是第一家专门从事越南市场研究和投资咨询的日本公司。.

本文以英语撰写，其他语言版本使用自动翻译。请参考英文版以获取准确的内容。尽管我们努力确保原始信息的准确性，但请对每条信息进行单独核实。解释和未来展望都是每位研究人员的个人意见。.

越南畜牧业概览

畜牧业是越南农业经济的重要组成部分，近年来发展势头不断增强。2024年，该行业规模估计已超过260亿美元[1], accounting for 26% of Vietnam’s agriculture GDP value[2]. The main outputs include livestock meat, eggs, and milk, all showing strong growth trends. Between 2019 and 2024, total meat production achieved a CAGR of 5%, while egg and milk production grew at CAGRs of around 5% and 4% respectively[3] [4].

The swine and poultry industries are key drivers of Vietnam’s livestock sector due to their dominant share of total output and consistent growth. Together, swine and poultry output accounted for over 90% of the sector’s meat production in 2024, showing relatively consistent growth. Between 2019 and 2024, pig and chicken populations grew annually by 6% and 4%, respectively, while cow numbers fluctuated, and buffalo numbers steadily declined[5]. In 2024, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) highlighted that Vietnam’s pork production ranked 6th globally with an output of 3.55 million tonnes in retail weight, corresponding to 3% of global output[6].

越南畜牧业的主要肉类产品 行业 按活重计，2019年至2024年

（单位：千吨和%）
Main meat products of Vietnam’s livestock sector in living weight from 2019 to 2024

来源： 越南统计年鉴, MARD、B&Company 合成

尽管国内生产能力较强，但该行业仍出现了巨额贸易逆差，尤其是在肉类领域。2023年，越南进口肉制品价值15亿美元，而出口仅约1.1亿美元[7]. 。冷冻牛肉主要来自印度[8], led in imported value at 660 million USD, accounting for 44% of total imported meat in the same year. The import of frozen swine meat surged between 2019 and 2020[9] ，原因是政府为弥补非洲猪瘟疫情造成的国内供应损失而进行补充[10]. Since then, it has become Vietnam’s second imported meat product by value, making up 19% of the total meat imports in 2023.

2023年越南肉类进口按产品类别和来源国划分的结构（单位：%）

来源： Trade map、B&Company 合成

电视越南畜牧业的FDI情况行业

In 2022, the livestock sector had 81 licensed FDI projects, accounting for 16% of active projects in agriculture, forestry, and fishing[11]. 。不过，该行业吸引了22亿美元投资，占这些行业384亿美元已登记资本总额中的相当大份额[12].

Vietnam’s livestock industry is highly concentrated, with FDI companies dominating over 50% of total net revenue in 2022[13]. In the same period, the Southeast region, Mekong Delta, and Red River Delta accounted for 90% of revenue, 60% of which came from FDI firms. Although they made up less than 5% of sector participants, large FDI companies contributed over half of total revenue.

Foreign-invested companies are prominent in livestock supply, particularly in the pork and chicken markets. In 2022, they accounted for 43% of the pork supply, followed by farming households at 38% and Vietnamese companies at 19%[14]. Vietnam Poultry Association (VIPA) also highlighted that FDI companies controlled 90% of the supply of white-feather chickens and 55% of the supply of traditional-breed chickens[15]. Animal feed production also saw strong FDI involvement, with foreign firms producing 13 million tonnes in 2022, securing a 63% market share[16].

国际投资的机遇与挑战

尽管日本企业在越南畜牧业的投资仍然有限[17], ，但该行业不断演变的格局正带来新的商机。.

（1）由于行业’s 需求旺盛

在国内，越南的肉类消费量很高且持续增长，尤其是猪肉[18]. 。政府也在努力为畜牧产品开拓新市场，例如中国和清真市场[19]. 。越南和日本也希望推动双边贸易，通过加强鸡肉出口支持以及为越南猪肉开辟新的贸易通道来促进合作[20].

凭借现代化且受控的从农场到屠宰流程，企业将能够受益于新兴国际市场，并绕开国际技术壁垒。Koyu & Unitek Co., Ltd. 是首家通过精选鸡种、优质动物饲料和现代化生产线向日本出口鸡肉产品的越南企业。2021年，Vinamilk 旗下子公司 Vilico 与 Sojitz Corporation 合作，成立了一座价值5亿美元的养殖及屠宰设施，年产能为10,000头牛和10,000吨动物产品，凸显了该行业的潜力。.

Vinabeef Tam Đảo Livestock and Chilled Beef Processing Complex in Vĩnh Phúc Province

来源： Vinabeef

(2) 动物饲料投资因强劲需求和政府支持而具有高潜力

越南是动物饲料和原材料的主要进口国，这使得国内生产在国内外市场上都缺乏竞争力[21]. 为减少对进口的依赖，政府已明确表示大力支持该行业。2024年签署的第106/2024/ND-CP号法令推动了3项重点方案，以支持畜牧业[22], ，其中值得注意的是支持动物饲料投入原材料的供应与生产的财政激励措施。.

表1：政府支持国内畜牧饲料供应的财政激励措施

没有。.	受激励活动	财政支持金额（单位：百万越南盾/项目）
1	建设技术基础设施以建立原材料种植区	最高5,000
2	采购原材料加工所需的材料和设备	最高1,000
3	采购国外设备以生产饲料添加剂原料	最高2,000
4	采购国外技术许可以生产单一饲料添加剂原料	最高2,000
5	为中大型畜牧养殖场采购散装饲料储罐	最高100
6	采购用于动物饲料的植物品种	最高200

来源： 第106/2024/ND-CP号法令

However, the sector still contains challenges that should be noted by investors. Firstly, animal wellness is an important concern for the sector as the domestic supply is threatened by diseases, such as the African swine fever. Free trade agreements such as the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPAPP) will reduce the country’s tariff rates for most meat products to 0% by 2030[23]. 。尽管这有望增加日本对越南的出口，但预计越南市场将充斥来自其他国家的高性价比肉类产品，从而提高市场竞争程度[24].