简体中文 
English 
日本語 
Tiếng Việt 
한국어 
156 月2024
行业评论/最新新闻及报告
评论： 没有评论.
塑料废弃物：越南的一项重要资源
越南对塑料的需求非常高，每年使用约390万吨PET、LDPE、HDPE和PP塑料[1], leading to a large amount of disposal. However, only a few amounts have been recycled. As shown in Figure 1, the number of recycled plastic waste in some ASEAN countries in general, and Vietnam in particular is still limited. In 2021, only 817.5 thousand tons (25%) were recycled, while approximately 2.45 million tons (75%) were discarded in Vietnam[2].
2021年部分东盟国家按处理类型划分的塑料废弃物处置情况
Plastic waste in Vietnam is considered an economic resource that has not been fully exploited for its profit potential. This is due to the following reasons. Firstly, there are inefficient and deficient recycling facilities, mostly located in craft villages, that use outdated technology and equipment. Their recycled plastic products can only meet demand in the low-end market segment. Meanwhile, formal recycling enterprises could meet only 30%[3] 的总回收需求。大多数回收公司主要为本土企业。2021年，, Lien Minh 是回收能力最大的塑料回收公司，年回收能力达7.5万吨[4]. 。在行业前十大公司中，只有一家与日本合资, ，Q.M.T – JP Plastic, ，年产能为2.5万吨[5] 。.
其次，由于废弃物分类率低、杂质多，导致投入原料质量低且成本高、资源分散。因此，与使用进口、更加稳定且更清洁的来源相比，使用本地塑料废弃物进行回收时损耗率更高[6]. 。据 Duy Tan Recycling[7], the loss rate from the collected source as input for recycling production can be up to nearly 40%, while in other countries in the EU, this rate is only around 10-20%.
最后，近期关于塑料废弃物管理的法律政策，如再生塑料产品标准或强制再生成分含量要求，缺乏有效实施所需的详细指导。因此，制造商和进口商难以建立有效的收集网络，并履行其对塑料包装回收的责任。.
未来塑料回收行业的潜力
未来，鉴于塑料需求量大、塑料废弃物资源丰富，以及可持续发展和绿色转型趋势，该市场预计将在未来具有显著潜力[8] (The projected CAGR of the market size 2024-2032: 7.6%[9])
尤其是，越南政府已大力推动回收塑料行业的发展，以解决塑料行业增长及塑料废弃物管理不善带来的问题。关键举措之一是自2024/1/1起实施生产者延伸责任（EPR）法规。在EPR框架下，制造商和进口商必须通过自行组织、委托第三方或向越南环境保护基金出资的方式，收集并回收废弃塑料包装[10].
塑料包装的回收率[11], ，由EPR规定
|
不。. |
产品和包装清单 |
前三年强制回收率 |
|
1 |
硬质PET |
22% |
|
2 |
硬质HDPE、LDPE、PP、PS |
15% |
|
3 |
硬质EPS |
10% |
|
4 |
硬质PVC |
10% |
|
5 |
其他硬质塑料包装 |
10% |
|
6 |
单一材料柔性包装 |
10% |
|
7 |
多材料柔性包装 |
10% |
来源：附录XXII，第08/2022/NĐ-CP号法令
在可持续发展背景下，随着对再生塑料需求的不断增长，特别是在依赖塑料的行业中，塑料回收行业有望实现增长。例如，包装行业正在积极寻求更环保的替代方案，而再生塑料已成为一个有前景的解决方案。可口可乐、Lavie、TH、百事和Nutifood等主要品牌正在承诺采用可持续包装。这为回收行业满足市场需求创造了机会。.
In addition to domestic production, the requirement for recycling plastic materials is projected to surge since Vietnam’s recycled plastic products aiming for export in the near future need to meet green standards. For example, the EU requires that 50% of packaging plastic materials should be recycled by 2025, and 55% by 2030[12].
此外，随着越南社区对废弃物分类和收集的意识不断提高，为提升回收活动输入质量而进行的源头垃圾分类这一棘手问题也在改善。根据对居民的访谈结果[13], ，目前有50%的家庭正在实施源头垃圾分类，显著高于2019年的约31%。.
