Vietnam’s National Action Plan for a Circular Economy until 2035 aims to tackle environmental challenges while ensuring sustainable economic growth.

In November 2020, the government has implemented Law No. 72/2020/QH14, effective from 2022, that requires all households and businesses to classify waste at the source into recyclable, organic, and other waste by January 2025.

The recent trial operation of the Yen Xa Wastewater Treatment Plant, the largest in Northern Vietnam, marks a pivotal step towards addressing these environmental concerns.

Vietnam currently ranks among the top 30 countries generating the largest volumes of wastewater worldwide; however, only a small fraction of this wastewater is treated before being discharged into the environment. According to Vietnam Water Supply and Sewerage Association (VWSA), about 12 million cubic meters of wastewater are generated across the country daily, with up to 87% released untreated into the environment.

Vietnam, like many rapidly developing nations, faces significant challenges in managing solid waste. With increasing urbanization, industrialization, and a rising population, solid waste generation in Vietnam has soared in recent years.