{"id":23954,"date":"2026-03-05T17:42:56","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T10:42:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/b-company.jp\/?p=23954"},"modified":"2026-03-05T17:42:56","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T10:42:56","slug":"extended-producer-responsibility-epr-the-current-situation-and-impact-on-the-packaging-industry-fmcg-electronics-and-retailers-in-vietnam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/b-company.jp\/vi\/extended-producer-responsibility-epr-the-current-situation-and-impact-on-the-packaging-industry-fmcg-electronics-and-retailers-in-vietnam\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR): T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bao b\u00ec, h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhanh (FMCG), \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/i><\/div>

C\u00f4ng ty nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u01b0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ng\u00e0nh, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i kinh doanh.<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c \u201cB\u1ea3n tin Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a B&Company s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c. Vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t

\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR) \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. EPR y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thu gom, t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 bao b\u00ec sau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i xung quanh EPR, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh bao b\u00ec, h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhanh (FMCG), \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i<\/h4>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a nhanh ch\u00f3ng, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 gia t\u0103ng. R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i bao b\u00ec nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i. N\u0103m 2025, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y V\u01b0\u1ee3t Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Earth Action t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t (r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p h\u1ee3p v\u1ec7 sinh). Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng 7.th<\/sup> Tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 2,1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n.[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Top 10 countries with highest amount of mismanaged plastic waste in 2025<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n
\n\"Top<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t (EA)<\/a><\/p>\n

R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (e-waste) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Theo B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea1t 516 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9p h\u00e0ng n\u0103m (CAGR) l\u00e0 20,51 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng 4.th<\/sup> Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ASEAN, c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed cao nh\u1ea5t. R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn.[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 301.000 t\u1ea5n \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 221.000 t\u1ea5n xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.[3]<\/a>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ed5 sung, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb pin lithium-ion \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n (EV). C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n pin xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi khi c\u00e1c xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2014-2022)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

\"Electronics<\/strong><\/td>\n

Electronics waste generated among ASEAN countries in 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

\"Electronics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/a><\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h4>\n

Khung tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m 2020, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n trong Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 08\/2022\/ND-CP v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 05\/2025\/ND-CP.<\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u bao b\u00ec, pin, d\u1ea7u nh\u1edbt, l\u1ed1p xe, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kinh ph\u00ed v\u00e0o Qu\u1ef9 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i thu gom v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao b\u00ec v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bao b\u00ec nh\u00f4m l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t (221 t\u1ea5n\/3 t\u1ea5n), v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t (0,51 t\u1ea5n\/3 t\u1ea5n). C\u00e1c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sau m\u1ed7i 3 n\u0103m.[5]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai EPR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u1eddi gian b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bao b\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 pin, d\u1ea7u nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 l\u1ed1p xe.<\/td>\nNg\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2024<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\nNg\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/td>\nNg\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 08\/2022\/ND-CP<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng EPR (Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t) v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi.[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bao b\u00ec<\/h4>\n

Ng\u00e0nh bao b\u00ec l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao b\u00ec. Tuy nhi\u00ean, EPR c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 Tetra Recart do Tetra Pak ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tetra Recart l\u00e0 bao b\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u1eeb b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 rau c\u1ee7, \u0111\u1eadu, s\u00fap v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u1eb5n, mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi lon kim lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Bao b\u00ec n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.[7]<\/a>T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 rau c\u1ee7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0103n li\u1ec1n.[8]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tetra Recart production line installed at Doveco (Dong Giao Foodstuff Export JSC)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Tetra<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Tetra Pak<\/a><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhanh (FMCG)<\/h4>\n

Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nhanh (FMCG) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn bao b\u00ec m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Do s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m FMCG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 doanh thu cao v\u00e0 bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ea5p, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n t\u0103ng nh\u1ecf trong chi ph\u00ed bao b\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 Unilever Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft: 751 t\u1ea5n bao b\u00ec chai l\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a nguy\u00ean sinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao b\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m 871 t\u1ea5n, v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a thu gom v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao b\u00ec m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.[9]<\/a>Nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Unilever Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ef1a PCR (nh\u1ef1a t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf sau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng).<\/p>\n

Sunlight packaging is 100% made from PCR plastic<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Sunlight<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Unilever Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/h4>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p do c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao. So v\u1edbi bao b\u00ec, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eed l\u00fd chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u thu gom r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed sau khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u1ebft v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1 s\u1edbm \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 2015, HP v\u00e0 Apple t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh "Vi\u1ec7t Nam T\u00e1i Ch\u1ebf", thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m thu gom mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh x\u00e1ch tay, m\u00e1y in, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan.[10]<\/a>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u0111i\u1ec3m thu gom t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.[11]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf 2 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c thu mua ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu gom ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u. V\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a EPR, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1n l\u1ebb<\/h4>\n

Ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu gom, qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Mega Market thu\u1ed9c Central Retail. H\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chu\u1ed7i si\u00eau th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u1eebng cung c\u1ea5p t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7y thanh to\u00e1n. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9p carton, t\u00fai mua s\u1eafm t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc.[12]<\/a>Chu\u1ed7i si\u00eau th\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng thu gom v\u1ecf h\u1ed9p s\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, lon nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 chai nh\u1ef1a. Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, Mega Market h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh cho chai nh\u1ef1a, lon nh\u00f4m, h\u1ed9p s\u1eefa, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 chai th\u1ee7y tinh t\u1ea1i Si\u00eau th\u1ecb An Ph\u00fa.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Si\u00eau th\u1ecb<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng EPR t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/h3>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn.<\/h4>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (EPR) t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf (SMEs) thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/h4>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu gom r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do c\u00e1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m. C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/h4>\n

H\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gom chung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7.[13]<\/a>T\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (EPR).<\/p>\n

\u00c1p l\u1ef1c chi ph\u00ed<\/h4>\n

\u00c1p l\u1ef1c chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o bao b\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Bao b\u00ec b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u00e9m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, chi ph\u00ed b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.[14]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/h4>\n

Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Theo d\u00f5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, x\u00e1c minh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/strong><\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n